Flight Reservation

How the flight reservation is made:

Shinta: Express Air. May I help you?

Jettie: Good morning. I want to go to Denpasar in Bali. Could you give me some information about flights to the city for this week?

Shinta: Our airplanes leaves Manokwari city for Denpasar with stopovers in Sorong and Makassar on Tuesday and Friday. They are morning flights. We also have flights from Denpasar city to Manokwari on Monday and Thursday afternoons.

Jettie: I think I'll choose Tuesday. What time does the airplane leave?

Shinta: It leaves at 9.30 a.m. It takes about four hours.

Jettie: Do I need to change planes?

Shinta: Yes, in Makassar city. So, it takes a little more time to wait for the other plane.

Jettie: How long should I wait for the other airplane?

Shinta: Around 15 minutes.

Jettie: How much it the ticket?

Shinta: It's two and a half million rupiahs - not including the airport tax which is fifteen thousand rupiahs.

Jettie: OK. I'd like to make a reservation.

Introduction and Greeting

Introduction

• What's your name?
• Who are you?
• My name is ...
• I am ...
• My friends call me ...
• You can call me ...
• Haven't we met (before)?
• Yes, I think we have.
• No, I don't think we have.
• I think we've already met.
• I don't think we've met (before).
• This is ...
• Meet ...
• Have you met ...?
• Yes, I have.
• No, I haven't.
• Yes, I think I have.
• No, I don't think I have.
• Hello, ... (name)
• Nice to meet you. (informal)
• Pleased to meet you.
• How do you do? (formal)
• Nice to see you.
• Nice to see you again.

Greeting

• Hello. / Hi.
• Good morning. (before 12 o'clock)
• Good afternoon.(after 12 o'clock)
• Good evening

Say Goodbye

• Good bye.
• Bye. / See you.
• See you later.
• See you soon.
• See you tomorrow.
• See you next week.
• Good night.

Simple good-byes (Formal)

• Good-bye
• Stay in touch.
• It was nice meeting you.
• I hope to see you soon.

Simple good-byes (Informal)

• Bye.
• See you.
• Talk to you later.
• Catch up with you later.
• Nice seeing you.

Leaving a place (Formal)

• I have to leave here by noon.
• Is it okay if we leave your home at 9pm?
• What do you say we leave work a little earlier today?
• Would you mind if I leave the dinner before it ends?
• I need to depart for the airport in one hour.

Leaving a place (Informal)

• I got to go now.
• I’ll be leaving from the office in 20 minutes.
• How about we jet off to the shops now?
• I’m afraid I have to head off now.
• Let’s get off work early.

Greeting and Leave taking

Greeting and Leave taking

Greeting  and expressions

00.00 – 12.00 am              : Good morning

12.00 – 06.00  pm             : Good afternoon

06.00 – 09.00 pm              : Good evening

Time to go to bed            : Good night

Departing                        : Good bye

09.00 -  15.00                   : Good day

+ 12.00                            : Good noon

Leave taking

Statements                                response

Good bye                                  Good bye

See you                                     so long/see you

Give my regard to…..                 of course, I will

Nice to meet you                       nice to meet you, too

Nice to see you                         nice to see you, too

Introduces her self ( memperkenalkan dir sendiri)

Example :

1, Ratty     : Hello, I want introduce myself

                  I’m your classmate, my  name is Ratty

    Tia                : Hi, nice to meet you, Ratty, I’m Tia

     Ratty    : nice to meet, too

                 Which class is your?

    Ratty     : class AP 1 how about you?

    Tia                ; class AP 1

2.  Michael                 : good morning, hasty. How are you?

Hasty            : fine , thanks. And you?

Michael                 : very wel. By the way, can I borrow your dictionary?

Hasty            : sure. But when will you return it?

Michael         : tomorrow evening if you don’t mind.

Hasty            : all right. Here you are.

Michael         : thank you, hasty.

Hasty            :that’s all right.

Michael         : well, I think I must go now.bye.

Hasty            : bye.

1)   Introducing oneself to someone for the first time :
formal               : How do you do, I’m kurniawan.
                :How do you do, my name is wiyono.
                : May, I introduce myself. I’m messy.
                : Good morning, my name is subroto
                : Excus me ,I don’t think we’ve met before , my name is (I’m)                      Fernando
                :first, let me introduce myself. I’m (my name is) marwoto.
                : allow me to introduce myself to you. I’m leonard
                : I’d like to introduce myself. I’m deny.

Formal               : hello, I’m Robert
                : hi ! my name is dewi.

Example in dialouge

a)   Mr. bagio   : excuse me, are you mr. yunus?
mr. yunus   : yes, I am
mr. bagio   : my name is subagio
mr. yunus   : oh, yes mr.subagio.
                  hoe do you do? (invite to shake hands)
mr. bagio   : how do you do ?

b)   Andrian     : may I introduce myself?
                  I’m andrian
devi          : pleased to meet you
                  my name is devi

c)   Andy         : usman, this is cindy, my sister
cindy         : how do you do?
andy          : how do you do. Nice to see you.
                  I’ve heard your name quite often.
cindy         : have you?
andy          : yes, andy told me you’re a good volleyball player at your
                 school.

d)   Let me introduce myself.
my name is andrian. You may call me Andri. I have taught here for about ten years, I’m from sragen.
I live at 16 jl.garuda.

2)    Introducing someone to everybody else :
: I’d like you to meet mr. purba
: may I introduce my secretary, please?
: let me introduce you to mr. anton
: please allow me to introduce you to mrs. Elsa
: have you meet mr.wens. he is our English teacher
: it is with great pleasure that I introduce mr.peter, a distribution manager of our supermarket.

3)   How to approach the person you are meeting, whom you have never seen
before :  > it is (mr.hadi), isn’t it ?
            > excuse me,  are you mr.albert?

how to reply       :
                 > yes, that’s right
                 > yes, I’m rudy. And you must be (mr.toni)

 Taks !

1)   Mr. walkins introduces mr. stevens to mr. green. Mr. green is a lawyer and mr. stevens is a pilot.
mr.walkins  : mr. stevens, (1) … .
mr. stevens : (2)… , (3)… ?
mr. green   : (4) … ?
mr. walkins : (5) … . he has been a lawyer, for almost ten years.
mr. green   : are you a lawyer, too, mr. stevens ?
mr. stevens : no, (6)…

2)   Karmila and yumi are new students at oxford university . they are in the same class, and karmila introduces herself.
karmila      : I don’t think (7)… . my name is karmila.
yumi          : (8)… nice to meet you.
karmila      : (9) … . where are you from?
yumi          : (10) … japan . (11) …?
karmila      : I’m from Indonesia

Expression

Good morning?                …………………………………………..

Good evening?                 …………………………………………..

How are you today?                   …………………………………………..

How do you do?               …………………………………………..

Nice to see you again?      …………………………………………..

Hello ?                                      …………………………………………..

See you?                          …………………………………………..

Modul 19

Describing Appearance

I am / You are / He is / She is…

• tall
• small
• overweight, fat
• slim
• young
• old
• … years old.
• beautiful / pretty, handsome
• sun-tanned
• pale

I have / You have / He has / She has (got)…

·         blue / green / grey / brown eyes

·         freckles

·         a beard

·         a full beard

·         a moustache

·         a goatee

·         a stubbly beard

·         blond hair

·         red hair

·         brown hair

·         black hair

·         dyed hair

·         blond highlights

·         short hair

·         long hair

·         straight hair

·         curly hair / curls

·         a bald head

·         a square / round / triangular / oval face

·         a big / small / long nose

·         big / small ears

Clothing and Accessories

I wear / You wear / He wears / She wears…

·         glasses

·         contact lenses

I am wearing / You are wearing / He/She is wearing…

·         earrings

·         a necklace

·         a wristband

·         a bracelet

·         a cap

·         a red scarf

·         a tie

Character

I am / You are / He is / She is …

·         shy

·         quiet

·         lively

·         active

·         easygoing

·         outgoing

·         nice

·         friendly

·         funny

·         happy

·         annoying

·         sad

·         aggressive

·         a pain in the neck

·         a little chatter box

Modul 18

Degrees of Comparison

When we compare two things or people we look at what makes them different from each other.
For example:

Tall / Short

The man on the left is taller than the man on the right.
The man on the right is shorter than the man on the left.

Fast / Slow

A car is faster than a bicycle.
A bicycle is slower than a car.

Comparative adjectives are used to show what quality one thing has more or less than the other. They normally come before any other adjectives.
For example:

Big / Small

The red bag is bigger than the blue bag.
The blue bag is smaller than the red bag.

Forming the comparative

Form	Rule	For example
Words of one syllable ending in 'e'.	Add -r to the end of the word.	wide - wider
Words of one syllable, with one vowel and one consonant at the end.	Double the consonant and add -er to the end of the word.	big - bigger
Words of one syllable, with more than one vowel or more than one consonant at the end.	Add - er to the end of the word.	high - higher
Words of two syllables, ending in 'y'.	Change 'y' to 'i', and add -er to the end of the word.	happy - happier
Words of two syllables or more, not ending in 'y'.	Place 'more' before the adjective.	beautiful - more beautiful

The following adjectives are exceptions to this rule:

• 'good' becomes 'better'
• 'bad' becomes 'worse'
• 'far' becomes 'farther' or 'further'

!Note - When comparing two things like this we put than between the adjective and the thing being compared.

For example:-

• "Mount Everest is higher than Mount Snowdon."
• "Arguably, Rome is more beautiful than Paris.

Read the following sentences:

1. John is tall.
2. Peter is taller than John.
3. Harry is the tallest of the three.

The comparative degree of an adjective shows a higher degree of the quality than that is present in the positive degree. It is used when two things or two sets of things are compared.

• Peter is smarter than John.
• Which of the two sisters is the prettier?
• Apples are dearer than oranges.

The superlative degree of an adjective denotes the highest degree of the quality. It is used when more than two things or sets of things are compared.

• Peter is the smartest boy in the class.
• Iron is the most useful of all metals.
• Alice is the prettiest girl in the neighborhood.

dverb clauses of degree or comparison answer the question how much, how little or how many. The chief conjunctions used to introduce adverb clauses of degree are as, as…as, so…as and than.

• She is older than her husband.
• She is as intelligent as she is beautiful.
• You are later than I expected.
• She is as pretty as a doll.
• She is not so intelligent as her sister.

The correlative the…the may also be considered as a conjunction introducing adverb clauses of degree.

• The older you grow the wiser you become.
• The more he earns the more he spends

Modul 17

Conjunction

The chief coordinating conjunctions are: and, but, for, or, nor, also, either…or, neither…nor.

Kinds of coordinating conjunctions

Coordinating conjunctions are of four kinds.

1. Cumulative or copulative conjunctions
2. Adversative conjunctions
3. Disjunctive or alternative conjunctions
4. Illative conjunctions

Cumulative conjunctions

Cumulative conjunctions merely add one statement to another. Examples are: and, both…and, as well as, not only…but also.

• Alice wrote the letters and Peter posted them.
• The cow got up and walked away slowly.

Adversative conjunctions

Adversative conjunctions express contrast between two statements. Examples are: but, still, yet, whereas, while, nevertheless etc.

• The rope was thin but it was strong.
• She is poor but she is happy.
• He is hardworking whereas his brother is quite the reverse.

Disjunctive or alternative conjunctions

Conjunctions which present two alternatives are called disjunctive or alternative conjunctions. Examples are: or, either…or, neither…nor, neither, nor, otherwise, else etc.

• She must weep, or she will die.
• Either he is mad, or he feigns madness.
• They toil not, neither do they spin.
• Neither a borrower, nor a lender be.

Illative conjunctions

Some coordinating conjunctions express something inferred from another statement or fact. These are called illative conjunctions. Examples are: for and so.

• Somebody came,  for I heard a knock at the door.
• He must be asleep, for there is no light in his room.
• He has been working hard, so he will pass.

Modul 16

Preference

1. Prefer

Rumus:

• Prefer + to infinitive
• Prefer + nouns + to + nouns
• Prefer + V-ing + to + V-ing

Contoh:

• They prefer to stay home (Dia lebih suka tinggal di rumah)
• My mother prefers lemon to orange juice (Ibu saya lebih suka jus lemon daripada jus jeruk)
• She prefers swimming to dancing

2. Would rather

Rumus:

• Would rather + bare infinitives (kata kerja tanpa to)
• Would rather + bare infinitives + than + bare infinitives
• Would rather + bare infinitives + nouns + than + bare infinitives + nouns

Contoh:

• I would rather study now (Saya lebih baik belajar sekarang)
• She would rather stay home than go shopping (Dia lebih baik tinggal di rumah saja daripada berbelanja)
• You'd rather speak English than French

4. Like

Rumus:

• Like + nouns / V-ing + better than + nouns / V-ing

Contoh:

• I like singing a song better than playing a guitar (Saya lebih suka bernyanyi daripada bermain gitar)
• I like coffee better than tea. (Saya lebih suka kopi daripada teh)

5. Had better

Rumus:

• Had better + bare infinitives
• Had better + not + bare infinitives (bentuk negative)

Contoh:

• You had better study hard (Kamu lebih baik belajar yang giat)
• You had better not work on Sundays (Kamu lebih baik tidak usah bekerja pada hari Minggu)